Many risk factors increase the likelihood of periodontal disease development, as well as the severity and speed at which it may occur. Information from the centers for disease control and prevention about the causes of periodontal disease, its warning signs, risk factors, and prevention and treatment. These risk factors are modifiable and their management is a major component of the contemporary care of many periodontal patients. Assess and explain risk factors for periodontal diseases to patients. Risk factors and risk assessment of periodontal disease. In a similar manner, risk assessment is required to improve oral health and especially to reduce inflammation. The established risk factors do not fully account for the risk of stroke. Studies indicate that older people have the highest rates of periodontal disease. According to the american academy of periodontology, the. Untreated gum disease makes it harder for patients with diabetes to control their blood sugar. Risk factors for periodontal disease by rosalyn c it looks like you have javascript turned off. Risk factors for periodontal disease wiley online library.
Avoiding or managing periodontal disease requires great client, dental hygienist and dentist teamwork. Some stud ies have found no relationship between periodontitis and ischemic heart disease. This risk factors for periodontal disease page on empowher womens health works best with javascript. Periodontal disease is considered a disease of the poor. Risk factors play an important role in an individuals response to periodontal infection. Gum periodontal disease causes, symptoms, diagnosis.
Smoking and types 1 and 2 diabetes are wellestablished risk factors for periodontal disease, whereas the etiologic microorganisms p. Risk factors include smoking, diabetes, hivaids, family history, and certain medications. Note any mental health issues that could affect a patients. The centers for disease control and prevention and the national institute of dental and craniofacial research report that periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk for. They are in contrast to the local risk factors described in chapters 10 and 14. Periodontal health and cardiovascular disease risk.
Systemic risk factors for periodontal disease are those conditions that affect most, if not all, tissues of the body. Low income population, ethnic minorities and the elderly show the higher incidence of gum disease, mainly due to lack of. Periodontal disease is generally due to bacteria in the mouth infecting the tissue around the teeth. Tobacco smoking exerts a substantial destructive effect on the. As periodontal disease is multifactorial, effective. Introduction in most of the epidemiological studies, we seek to. If periodontal disease and cvd simply share common risk. Systemic risk factors include poorly controlled diabetes mellitus and tobacco smoking. Oral medicine department, qazvin university of medical sciences, iran. Risk factors and the common riskfactor approach oral conditions, including periodontal disease, share a wide range of risk factors with other conditions.
Gingivitis is a mild form of gum disease that can usually be reversed with daily brushing and flossing, and regular cleaning by a dentist or dental hygienist. Systemic diseases and specific malnutrition are also commonly associated with gingival inflammation and hypertrophy. It influences the initiation, extent and severity of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease risk factors frederick implant. They also include diseases and unhealthy conditions such as diabetes mellitus, obesity, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis, and low dietary calcium and vitamin d. Periodontal disease can develop with or without the risk factors listed below. There is accumulating evidence for a higher level of periodontal disease among smokers 22, 23. Risk factors in periodontal diseases linkedin slideshare. It is important to understand the etiological factors and the pathogenesis of periodontal disease to recognize and appreciate the associated risk factors. The national society of dental practitioners risk management. Genetic and heritable risk factors in periodontal disease. Risk factors including tobacco smoking modify the host response to the challenge of bacteria in microbial dental plaque 25, 26. Tobacco use is also an established risk factor for periodontal disease.
Prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases in primary care 7 management of patients with dental implants 51 7. This and other studies directed to identifying true risk factors associated with periodontal disease may lead to preventive measures directed to reducing the deleterious effects of modifiable risk factors. As periodontal disease is multifactorial, effective disease management requires a clear understanding of all the associated risk factors. Risk factors for periodontal disease mouth and teeth. Nonmodifiable risk factors genetic factors although bacterial infection is the etiologic agent in periodontal disease, studies of identical twins suggest 50% of the susceptibility to periodontal disease. To help prevent or control periodontal diseases, it is important to. Cigarette smoking has long been associated with periodontal disease and tooth loss6. Smoking is one of the most significant risk factors associated with the development of gum disease. Diabetes gum disease is a common complication of diabetes. Tobacco smoking exerts a substantial destructive effect on the periodontal tissues and increases the rate of periodontal disease progression 24.
However, the more risk factors you have, the greater your likelihood of developing periodontal. Periodontal risk factors center for high tech dentistry. For instance, veneers may not be appropriate for patients with severe or advanced periodontal disease. Prevention and treatment of periodontal diseases in. These independent but modifiable, risk factors for periodontal disease include lifestyle factors, such as smoking and alcohol consumption. This chapter outlines the key stages of the initial periodontal examination for children, adolescents and. Risk factors associated with periodontal diseases and their clinical. All of the above materials, as well as a pdf of the full guidance, are available via the. In assessing the patients risk for disease progression, the number of residual pockets with a probing depth of. In the general population, recognised risk factors for periodontal disease include aged, male sex, race, unhealthy lifestyle poor oral hygiene, smoking and alcohol use, poor nutrition inadequate dietary consumption of calcium and vitamin d, systemic diseases obesity, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis. In gingivitis, the gums become red, swollen and can bleed easily. Periodontal disease oral health conditions division of. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
The main cause of periodontal gum disease is plaque, but other factors affect the health of your gums. Systemic conditions associated with immunodeficiency. The oral bacterial microbiome includes over 700 different. Screening should include risk assessment for caries and periodontal disease, along with medical risk factors that would make the patient a poor candidate for a cosmetic procedure. Periodontal disease as a risk factor for ischemic stroke. Additionally, smoking can lower the chances for successful treatment. Identification of these risk factors helps to target patients for prevention and treatment, with. Good oral hygiene at home is essential to help keep periodontal. In addition to smoking, evidence exists which suggests a relationship between periodontal status and nutrition, alcohol consumption, socioeconomic status and stress levels, although these relationships have not been clearly established. Strategies for the prevention of periodontal disease and. Risk assessment questionnaire cc north hills perio. Chapter 4 clinical examination and local risk factors for periodontal diseases aims. The prevalence of periodontal diseases is related to plaque biofilm and risk factors such as smoking and diabetes.
It is now well established that periodontal disease is predominantly a bacterial infection involving the dental biofilm or dental plaque. Risk factors associated with periodontal diseases and. In fact, recent studies have shown that tobacco use may be one of. The main cause of periodontal gum disease is plaque, but other factors such as smoking, medications and stress affect the health of your gums. See a dentist at least once a year for checkups, or more frequently if you have any of the warning signs or risk factors mentioned above. Implementation of this treatment guidance is encouraged, based upon availability of resources, patients compliance, and providers. Original articles that reported on the risk factors for periodontal disease were included. Review article risk factors of periodontal disease. Smoking is the best established of the modifiable risk factors for developing periodontal disease.
We can help through providing customized dental treatment plans. Periodontal gum disease risk factors top nyc periodontist. Destructive periodontal disease is a consequence of the interaction of genetic, environmental, host and micro bial factors. In summary, evidence from observational data suggests that there is a small positive association between periodontal disease and cvd.
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